Furnace wall



Jan. 31, 1928. 1,657,453

W. H. BOYD FURNACE WALL Filled March 21, 1927 3 Sheets-Sheet l i, o l/Q1 @www //i'am 50510;

1515 WUM Mfg/kwh@ v Jan. 31, 1928.

W. H. BOYD FURNACE WALL Filed March 2l, 1927 Jan. 31, 1928. 1,657,453

w. H. BOYD FURHACE WALL Filed Maron 21, 1927 s sheets-she? 5 Patented Jan. 31, 1928.

UNITED sTTEs PATENT OFFICER.

'WILLIAM H. BOYD, OF PASSAIC, NEW JERSEY,ASSIGNOR TO LIPTAK FIRE-BRICK ARCH C0., OF MEXICO, MISSOURI.

f FURNACE WALL.

' Appcation led March 21, 1927. Serial No. 177,011.

This invention provides certain highly important improvements in furnace Walls or Walls that are to be subjected to high tem peratures and in which certain blocks or refractories require quite frequent replace-- trating the improved Wall structure, some parts being broken away and some parts being' removed;

Fig. 2 is a horizontal section illustrating the wall shown in Fig. 1 and showing a corner portion of said Wall;

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary view, some parts being in vertical section on the line 3 2 of Fig. 2 and some parts-being shown in full;

.Figs 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 are detail views in perspective showing the refractorics that make up the refractory portion of the Wall illustrated in Figs. 1, 2 and 3;

Fig. 9 is a perspective showing in detail 3c one of the metallic anchors or block-anchor ing brackets; Fig. 10 is a view corresponding to Fig. 1,

but illustrating a somewhat modified construction;

Fig. 11 is a horizontal section showing a corner portion of the Wall illustrated in Fig. 10; and

Fig. 12 is a fragmentary vertical section on the line 12-12 of Fig. 11, some parts H being shown in full.

The Wall illustrated in Figs. 1 to 9, inclusive, will first be described and, as shown,

is asfollows:

The outer structure of the Wall includes upright beams or columns 13, preferably rolled steel channel beams, and flanged horizontally textending shelf-forming beams 14, which latter are l shapedV in cross-section land the vertical flanges of which are rigidly 5&1 secured to the adjacent flanges of the F ig. l is a fragmentary perspective illuscolumns 13 by nut-equipped bolts or rivets 15. An outer casing 1G, preferably made up of metal-covered asbestos sheets, are rigidly secured by bolts or rivets to the outer flanges of the columns 13, so as to form vertical air spaces a between said columns and between said outer casing 16 and the refractory portion of the Wall.

In this preferred arrangement, the refractory tile or nre-resisting portion of the Wall is made up of sill blocks'l?, an "horing blocks 18, inner or face blocks 19, and filler blocks 20-21. The sill blocks 17 are laid on the horizontal flanges of the shelf-forming beams 14. and, inward of said flanges, have thickened and depending portions 17a that protect the said metallic shelf-forming beams from the direct action of heat from the furnace. At the central portions of their rear'edges, the sill blocks are formed With T-shaped notchesV or pockets 17h, for an important purpose which will presently appear.

The anchor blocks 18 are placed with their lower ends on the underlying sill blocks 17 and they are of such vertical length that their upper ends will then be spaced i below the underlying sill block far enough to permit the filler blocks 20 to be freely inserted between the same and the immediately overlying sill block and anchor beam. In their vertical edges, the anchor blocks 18 are formed with lock grooves Q2. The inner or face blocks 19, on their rear edges, are provided with T-shaped lock heads 19a, the flanges of which are engageable with the grooves 22 of the anchor blocks 18; and here it should be noted that the anchor blocks 18 are so spaced that the heads 19"t of said blocks 19 Will freely slide vertically into interlocking engagement with the grooved edges of immediately adjacent anchor blocks. In their upper and lower ends, the lanchor blocks 18 are formed with T-shaped notches or pockets 181 for anl important purpose which will presently appear. The inner or face blocks 19 are of such vertical dimensions that a plurality or stack thereof in the structure illustrated G),V Will be placed on the underlying sill blocks and pair of spaced several horizontal belts of refractories, but

to always maintain a lapped joint that will revent the flames from reaching the metalc beams. The blocks-21 really constitute supplemental parts of the filler blocks 20. Their under surfaces are beveled so that their exposed inner "ends are thinner than their opposite ends. The upper surfaces of the block portions 2()l1 are beveled to correspond to the engaging beveled portion of the block 21. By re erence to Fig. 3, it will be noted that there is clearance between the tops of the blocks 21 and the overlying portions of the vertically adjacent block 19', but that this clearance is less than sufficient to allow the blocks 21 to be removed while the blocks 2() are in position. This prevents the blocks 21 from 'being accidentally displaced from the wall. Also, it will be noted that the exposed inner end surfaces of the Vfiller blocks 20 are slightly beveledland so arranged that their lower inner edge portions pio'ect at b slightly inward of the vertical ace of the underlyin group of blocks 19, thereby forming a s ag drip so that any slag running from the face of the wall, when reaching these beveled portions, will be carried away from the wall and dropped from the1 face thereof.

By reference to Figs. 1 and 3, it will be noted that the distance between a top block 19 of an sill bloei issuch that when an interposed filler block 20 has been removed, the blocks `19 in the stack may be raised into the opening afforded by such removal and may then be removed endwise. from the wall and, of course, they may be applied in interlocking engagement with the anchor block 18 by a reverse operation. Y

Means for locking the refractories or blocks above described to the sup orting metallic framework is, of course, hig ly important. As a simple means for accomplishing thls result, I provide metallic anchors 1n the form'of brackets 23, which, at their upper ends, are formedV with crutches or loc notches 24 and with projecting T-heads 25 and at their lower ends are provlded with projecting T-heads 26. The crotches 24 adapt these brackets to be eng ed with the upstanding flanges of the slilf-fo'rming beams 14 and to be suspended from said beams. The T-heads 25 are arra ed for interlocking engagement with meng-shaped notches 17h particular stack and the overlying of the sill blocks 17 and with the T-sha ed notches 18b in the lower ends of the anc or blocks 18, while the T-heads 26 are arranged for engagement with the T-shaped notches 18 in the upper ends of said anchor blocks 18. By reference to Figs. 1 and 3, it will be noted that the T-heads 25, when applied in the notches of the sill blocks 17, project above said'sill blocks so that they will engage the notches in the lower. ends of the blocks 18, as just above described` and will anchor both of the said blocksvand hold the same against shifting movements in any direction in a horizontal plane, the one in respect to the other. These anchor brackets, therefore, positively hold the refractory portion of the wall interlocked to the metal frame Work while the shelf-forming beams 14 support the refractory wall in a plurality of horizontally extended belts, the one pos1- tioned over the other with freedom for independent expansion and contraction.

With the above described arrangement, it

is an easy matter to replace any of the refractories of the wall. The blocks, which are exposed to the most intense heat and, hence, require most frequent replacement, are made relatively small as compared with the anchor blocks 18, which latter will very seldom require replacement. By making the anchor blocks relatively long or deep in a vertical direction, as compared with the inner blocks, the said anchor blocks may be utilized to hold a stack or plurality of inner blocks, and the matter can be replaced one at a time without removing the anchor blocks. Not only can the wall be rapidly installed in the first instance, but it may be quickly repaired by replacement of any damaged or burned-out blocks.

The outer wall structure formed by the beams 13 and outer casing 16 affords the -vertical air spaces a, which not only constitute good insulation to the furnace wall, but permit the furnace walls to be kept cool by the circulation of airrforced through said air spaces; and the air thus preheated may be introduced into a furnace to support combustion. i

The construction illustrated in Figs. 10, 11 and 12 is like that described, except that in lieu of the vertical beams or columns 13, the I-beam sections 13 are bolted or riveted to the vertical flanges of the shelf-forming beams 14, and the outer flanges of said angle sections 13n are bolted or riveted to the inner flanges of vertical I-beams or columns 27; and horizontal separating plates 28 are placed on the sections 13Il so as to afford horizont-al air spaces a between thc refractory wall and the outer casing 16, which lat-l ter, in this arrangement, is interposed between the beam sections 13 and said columns 28.

From what has been said, it will be underllfl stood that the invention described is capable of various modifications and rearrangement of parts, all within the spirit of the inveiition as herein disclosed and claimed.

Not only is' the complete wall structure herein disclosed claimed,'bi"it certain of t-he elements, features and portions thereof are deemed to be novel and are herein claimed as a new article of manufacture.

lBy reference particularly to Fig. 1 it will be noted that each group of surfacing blocks 19 is made up of a plurality of flat iectangular blocks of greater length and width, and that the plurality of blocks assembled in a group forni a rectangular structure that is of greater depth than length or width. The length of the blocks forming the group will, in practice. the distance between centers of adjacent anchoring blocks 18 and the depth of the group or stack of blocks corresponds to the vertical length or depth of said anchoring blocks. At their backs. said blocks 22 are formed with T-shaped heads that adapt them for sliding engagement with the grooved or flanged edges of the anchoring blocks. ln this way, a large number of thin surfacing blocks may be assembled in a group to form a composite block or wall section of very considerable depth or of -a depth limited only by the length or vertical dimension of the cooperating anchoring blocks.

What ll claim is:

l. ln a wall structure, anchoring blocks and means supporting the same in vertically and horizontally spaced relation,` and surfacing blocks arranged in stacks and having vertical sliding interlocking engagement with said anchoring blocks and individually removable therefrom by vertical sliding `movement to extreme position above the cooperating anchor blocks. I 2, In a wall structure, a metallic framework including columns and rigidly connected thereto shelf-forming beams, anchoring blocks supported-by said shelf-forming beams and anchored to said framework, surfacing blocks having vertical sliding interlocking engagement with said anchoring blocks and removable therefrom one at a time by vertical sliding movement to an eX- treme position above said anchoring blocks.

3. In a `wall structure, anchoring' blocks and means supporting the same in vertically and horizontally spaced relation, surfacing blocks arranged in stacks and having vertical sliding interlocking engagement with said anchoring blocks and individually removable therefrom by a vertical sliding movement to extreme position above the cooperating anchor blocks, the said anchor blocks and surfacing'blocks forming independent belts in the wall, and filler blocks interposed between the belts.

4. In a wall structure, a metallic framework including columns and rigidly connected thereto shelf-forming beams, anchoring blocks supported by said shelf-forming beams and anchored to said framework, siii'- facing blocks having vertical sliding interlocking engagement with said anchoring and surfacing blocks forming independent belts in the wall, and filler blocks interposed between the belts, the said filler blocks being spaced from the overlying surfacing blocks to form expansion joints. 6. In a wall structure, anchoring blocks and means supporting the same in vertically and horizontally spaced relation, surfacing blocks arranged in stacks and having vertical sliding .interlocking engagement with said anchoring blocks and individually removable therefrom by vertical sliding movement to eXtreme position above the cooperating anchor blocks, the said anchor blocks and surfacing blocks forming independent belts in the wall, and filler blocks interposed between the belts, the said filler blocks being spaced from the overlying surfacing blocks to form expansion joints, and havingdetachable sections engaging therewith by surfaces inclined toward the outer side of the wall. y

7 A wall structure comp-rising vertical column-forming beams and horizontal shelfforming beams rigidly secured thereto, sill blocks laid on said shelf-forming beams, relatively deep anchoring blocks laid on said sill blocks and spaced from the overlying shelf-forming beams, and relatively shallow surfacing blocks arranged in stacks having vertical interlocking sliding engagement A-with said anchoring blocks, thev space between the upper ends of said anchoring blocks and the voverlying shelf-forming beams being such as to permit said surfacing blocks to be removed or applied one at a time. y

8. A wall structure comprising vertical column-forming beams and horizontal shelftical interlocking sliding engagement with said anchoring blocks, the space between the upper ends of said anchoring blocks and the overlying shelf-forming beams being such as to permit said surfacing blocks to be removed or applied `one at a time, and ller vblocks interposed between the upper surfacing blocks and the overlying sill blocks and forming expansion lap joints with the latter.

9. A wall structure comprising vertical column-forming beams and horizontal shelfforming beams rigidly secured thereto, sill blocks laid on said shelf-forming beams, relatively deep anchoring blocks laid on said sill blocks and spaced from the overlying shelf-forming beams, relatively shallow surfacing bloclrs arranged in stacks/having vertical interlocking sliding engagement with' said anchoring blocks, the space between the upper ends of said anchoring blocks and the overlying shelf-forming beams being such as to permit said surfacing blocks to be removed or applied one at a time, and filler blocks interposed between the upper surfacing blocks and the overlying sill blocks and forming expansion lap joints with the latter. said filler blocks at their inner ends having beveled detachable supplemental sections spaced from the overlying surfacing blocks.

l0. A wall structure comprising vertical column-forming beams and horizontal shelfforming beams rigidly secured thereto, sill blocks laid on said shelf-forming beams, relatively deep anchoring blocks laid on said sill blocks and spaced from the overlying shelf-forming beams, relatively shallow sur- :facing blocks arran ed instacks having vertical interlocking sliding engagement with said anchoring blocks, the space between the upper ends o said anchoring blocks and the overlying shelf-formin beams being such as to permit said surfacing blocks to be removed or applied one at a time, and anchoring brackets interlocked to said shelf-forming beams and havinginterlocking engagement with said anchoring blocks.

11. A wall structure comprising vertical column-forming beams and horizontal shelfforming beams rigidly secured thereto, sill blocks laid on said shelf-forming beams, relatively deep anchoring blocks laid on said sill blocks and spaced from the overlying-shelf-forming beams, relativel shallow surfacing blocks arranged in stac having vertical interlocking sllding engagement with Seidl-anchoring blocks, the space be- 'tweenfthel'- up er ends of said anchoring blocks?? and t e overlying shelf-forming amsbeing such asto permit said surfacn ig blocks to be removed or ap lied one at a tn ne, and anchorin 'braekets mterlocked to said'shelf-forming ams and Vhaving interlocking blocks, and also having interlocking engagement with said sill blocks,

engagement with said anchoring 12. The structure defined in claim 7 in which said sill blocks have T-shaped notches and said anchor blocks have T-shaed notches both in upper and lower ends, an in further combination with anchor brackets interlocked to and hung from said shelfforming beams and having upper and lower T-heads, said upper T-heads engaging the T-shapednotches in said sill blocks and in the lower ends of said anchor blocks and said lower T-heads engaging the T-shaped notches in the upper ends of said anchor blocks.

13. The structure defined in claim 7 in which said sill blocks have T-shaped notches and said anchor blocks have T-shaped notches both in upper and lower ends, and in further combination with anchor brackets interlocked to and hung from said shelfforming beams and having upper and lower T-heads, said upper T-heads engaging the T-shaped notches in said sill blocks and in the lower ends of said anchor blocks and said lower T-heads engaofing the T-sha ed .notches in the upper ends of said anc or blocks, and filler blocks interposed between the upper surfacing blocks and overlying sill blocks and forming expansion lap joints with the latter.

14. s an article of manufacture, a fur nace wall portion comprising relatively deep flanged anchor blocks and a group of rela tively shallow flanged surfacing blocks having T-shaped baclr ianges arranged for sliding interlocking engavement therewith.

l5. The structure defined in claim 7 in which said sill blocks have T-shaped notches and said anchor blocks have 'T-shaped notches both in upper and lower ends, and in further combination withl anchor brackets interlocked to and hung from said shelfforming beams and having upper and lower T-heads, said upper T-heads engaging the T-shaped notches in said sill blocks and in the lower ends of said anchor blocks and said lower T-heads engaging the Tsha ed notches in the upper ends of said anc or blocks, and filler blocks interposed between the upper surfacing blocks and overlying sill blocks and forming expansion la joints with the latter, said anchor blocks 1n their ends having T-shaped lock notches for interlocking engagement with metallic anchors.

16. As an article of manufavture, a furnace wall ortion comprising sill blocks, anchor bloc and surfacing blocks, said sill blocks in their u per faces having T-shaped lock notches, said) anchor blocks at their upper and lower ends havin T-shaped lock notches, said surfacing bloclgis having sliding interl g engagement with said anchor bloclm and being relatively shallow so that a group thereof with one anchor block ma be placed on a sill block and interlocked with l an anchor block by vertical sliding movechoring blocks, said blocks individually havment. ing less vertical depth than horizontal 17. As an article of manufacture, a urlength, the group of assembled blocks form- 1o .nace wall portion comprising a group of flat ing a rectangular structure that has greater 5 rectangular surfacing blocks having T- vertical depth than horizontal length.

shaped heads adapted for sliding engage- In testimony whereof I affix my signature. ment with flanged edges of cooperating an- WILLIAM'H. BOYD. 

